LIETUVOS VIEÐOJO ADMINISTRAVIMO LAVINIMO INSTITUCIJØ ASOCIACIJA L I T H U A N I A N P U B L I C A D M I N I S T R A T I O N T R A I N I N G A S S O C I A T I O N VILNIUS 2014*3-4(43-44)
Teorinio ir praktinio þurnalo VIEÐASIS ADMINISTRAVIMAS steigëjas ir leidëjas LIETUVOS VIEÐOJO ADMINISTRAVIMO LAVINIMO INSTITUCIJØ ASOCIACIJA The theoreth al and practical journal PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION is published by LITHUANIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION TRAINING ASSOCIATION
Redakcijos kolegija /Editorial Board: Vyriausieji (moksliniai) redaktoriai /Editors in chief (scientific editors): prof. dr. E. CHLIVICKAS / Prof Dr prof. habil. dr. B. MELNIKAS / Prof Dr Habil Nariai / Members T. AMLING, Prof Dr, Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, Germany / prof. dr., Leipcigo taikomøjø mokslø universitetas, Vokietija A. ASTRAUSKAS, dr., LR Seimas, Valstybës valdymo ir savivaldybiø komiteto biuro patarëjas, Lietuva / Dr, Adviser of the Secretariat of Committee on State Administration and Local Authorities, the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania, Lithuania A. BARABASHEV, Prof Dr, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia / prof. dr., Nacionalinis mokslo universitetas Aukðtoji ekonomikos mokykla (HSE), Maskva, Rusija P. BOORSMA, Prof Dr, Public Finance Faculty for Public Administration and Public Policy, University of Twente, the Netherlands / prof. dr., Vieðøjø finansø fakultetas, Twente universitetas, Olandija M. BRINTHALL, Executive Director of American Political Science Association, USA / Amerikos politikos mokslø asociacijos vykdantysis direktorius, Jungtinës Amerikos Valstijos E. CHLIVICKAS, prof. dr., Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas, Lietuvos vieðojo administravimo lavinimo institucijø asociacijos prezidentas, Finansø ministerijos mokymo centro direktorius, Lietuva / Prof Dr, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, President of Lithuanian Public Administration Training Association, Director of Training Centre of the Ministry of Finance, Lithuania J. CZAPUTOWICZ, Prof Dr, European Studies Institute, Warsaw University, Poland / prof. dr., Varðuvos universiteto Europos studijø institutas, Lenkija M. DUGGETT, Prof, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom / prof., Portsmouth universitetas, Jungtinë Karalystë L. GAJDOSOVA, Executive Director, Network of Institutes and Schools of Public Administration in Central and Eastern Europe (NISPAcee), Slovakia / Vidurio ir Rytø Europos vieðojo administravimo institutø ir mokyklø tinklo vykdanèioji direktorë, Slovakija R. GINEVIÈIUS, prof. habil. dr., Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas, Lietuva / Prof Dr Habil, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Lithuania L. YIU, Dr, President of Centre for Socio-Eco-Nomic Development, Switzerland / dr., Socialinës ekonominës plëtros centro prezidentë, Ðveicarija B. LEIDHAMMAR, Prof, Division for Business and Economics, Karlstad University, Sweden / prof., Verslo ir ekonomikos katedra, Karlstad universitetas, Ðvedija R. MALKUS, dr., Lietuvos vieðojo administravimo lavinimo institucijø asociacijos konsultantas, Lietuva / Dr, Consultant of Lithuanian Public Administration Training Association, Lithuania A. MARÈINSKAS, prof. habil. dr., Vilniaus universitetas, Lietuva / Prof Dr Habil, Vilnius University, Lithuania B. MELNIKAS, prof. habil. dr., Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universiteto katedros vedëjas, Lietuva / Prof Dr Habil, Head of Department, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Lithuania
S. PUÐKORIUS, prof. habil. dr., Mykolo Romerio universitetas, Lietuva / Prof Dr Habil, Mykolas Romeris University, Lithuania A. RAIPA, prof. dr., Mykolo Romerio universitetas, Lietuva / Prof Dr, Mykolas Romeris University, Lithuania A. ROSENBAUM, Prof Dr, Director of Institute for Public Management and Community Service, Florida International University, USA / prof. dr., Floridos tarptautinis universitetas, Vieðojo valdymo ir visuomeniniø paslaugø institutas, Jungtinës Amerikos Valstijos R. SANER, Prof Dr, Basel University, Director of Diplomacy Dialogue, CSEND, Geneva, Switzerland / prof. dr., Baselio universitetas, Ðveicarija A. TEMMES, Finnish Institute of Public Management, Finland / Suomijos vieðosios vadybos institutas, Suomija K. TOLO, Dr, Executive Director, National Association of Schools of Public Affairs and Administration (NASPAA), USA / dr., Nacionalinës vieðøjø reikalø ir administravimo mokyklø asociacijos direktorius, Jungtinës Amerikos Valstijos M. TVARONAVIÈIENË, prof. dr., Generolo Jono Þemaièio Lietuvos karo akademija, Lietuva / Prof Dr, The General Jonas Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania B. WOOLDBRIDGE, Prof Dr, Department of Political Science and Public Administration,Virginia Commonwealth University, USA / prof. dr., Commonwealth universiteto Politikos mokslø ir vieðojo administravimo katedra, Virdþinija, Jungtinës Amerikos Valstijos Þurnalo leidëjas / Publisher: Lietuvos vieðojo administravimo lavinimo institucijø asociacija / Lithuanian Public Administration Training Association Atsakingoji sekretorë / Executive Secretary: R. Luckutë el.paðtas/e-mail info@lvalia.lt Redakcija /Editorial Staff: tel., faks./phone, fax. +370 5 212 63 17 el.paðtas/e-mail info@lvalia.lt Þurnalas Vieðasis administravimas átrauktas á mokslines tarptautines duomenø bazes EBSCO, Business Source Complete, LOGIN, GESIS. The journal Public Administration has been included into the international scientific databases EBSCO, Business Source Complete, LOGIN and databases of CSA Social Science Collection of GESIS Service Agency Eastern Europe.
TURINYS / CONTENT VYRIAUSIØJØ REDAKTORIØ ÞODIS FOREWORD OF EDITORS IN CHIEF... 6 VIEÐASIS VALDYMAS: TEORIJA, PRAKTIKA, NAUJI IÐÐÛKIAI PUBLIC GOVERNANCE: THEORY, PRACTICE, NEW CHALLENGES A. Raipa. Public Governance Evolution: Place and Role of Theory Vieðojo valdymo raida: teorijos vieta ir vaidmuo... 8 E. Smilga, A. Laurinavièius, A. Laurinavièius. Moderni valstybë: ðiuolaikiniai iððûkiai strateginiam valdymui The Modern State: Contemporary Challenges for the Strategic Management... 22 E. Chlivickas, B. Melnikas. Managerial Quality of Human Resources in Public Sector: Improvement of the Civil Servants Training Systems and Studies Þmogiðkøjø iðtekliø vieðajame sektoriuje vadybinë kokybë: valstybës tarnautojø mokymo sistemø ir studijø tobulinimas... 35 A. Lauþadytë-Tutlienë. Ðiuolaikinë gerovës valstybë: samprata ir ávairovë The Modern Welfare State: Concept and Variety... 54 B. Melnikas. Knowledge-Based Society and Knowledge Economy Creation: Development Tendencies in the European Union in the Context of Globalization Þiniomis grindþiamos visuomenës ir þiniø ekonomikos kûrimas: raidos tendencijos Europos Sàjungoje globalizacijos kontekste... 61 SOCIALINË RAIDA IR VIEÐASIS VALDYMAS: ÐIUOLAIKINËS AKTUALIJOS SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND PUBLIC GOVERNANCE: CONTEMPORARY ACTUALITIES A. Bitinas, A. F. Maccioni. Pension System in Lithuania: Development Processes, Perspectives, New Priorities Pensijø sistema Lietuvoje: raidos procesai, perspektyvos, nauji prioritetai... 73 A. Bitinas, D. Bitaitis. Pokyèiai socialinës paramos sistemoje: administravimo tobulinimas Changes in the System of Social Assistance: Improvement of Adminsitration... 88 G. Gruþinskienë. Neágaliøjø integracija á darbo rinkà: ðiuolaikiniai iððûkiai Integration of Disabled People Into the Labor Market: Contemporary Challenges... 101 EKONOMIKA IR VERSLO APLINKA: MODERNIZAVIMO POREIKIAI ECONOMY AND BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT: THE NEEDS OF MODERNIZATION V. Davidavièienë, E. Vengrienë. Prieþiûros institucijos: administracinë naðta verslui Supervisory Authorities: Administrative Burden on Business... 108 R. Banelienë. Lietuvos agrarinio sektoriaus raidos tendencijos ir konkurencingumas ekonomikos internacionalizavimo sàlygomis Development Trens and Competetiveness of Lithuanian Agrarian Sector in Conditions of Economic Internationalization... 119 N. Kuznetsova, Z. Pisarenko. Financial Convergence Processes: Problems of the Research and the Case of Insurance Market in Russia Finansinës konvergencijos procesai: tyrimø problemos ir Rusijos draudimo rinkos atvejis... 130 RECENZIJOS / REVIEWS A. Raipa. Vieðosios privaèios partnerystës teorija ir praktika Theory and Practice of Private-Public Partnership... 141 B. Melnikas. Regionø plëtra: teorija ir praktika Regional Development: Theory and Practice... 143
Gerbiamieji skaitytojai! Eilinis Vieðasis administravimas leidinys yra skirtas esminiø mûsø visuomenës ir jos socialinio ir ekonominio gyvenimo problemø aptarimui. Pagrindinis dëmesys ðiame leidinyje yra skiriamas toms socialinëms, ekonominëms, kultûros, mokslo ir technologjø paþangos problemoms, kurias sàlygoja naujausieji pokyèiai pastaruoju metu ávykæ ar tebevykstantys tiek mûsø ðalyje, tiek ir gerokai platesniu tarptautiniu mastu: beje, ðiais pokyèiais yra apimamos visos svarbiausios socialinio, ekonominio, politinio gyvenimo sritys, jie yra itin dinamiðki, pasiþymi daugialypiðkumu bei paskemiø ilgalaikiðkumu. Ðiame leidinyje skelbiami straipsniai yra skirti trims tematikos sritims. Pirmoji straipsniø grupë tai straipsniai, kuriuose yra nagrinëjamos aktualios vieðojo valdymo teorijos ir praktikos problemos, aptariami ðiuolaikiniai vieðojo valdymo, vieðosios vadybos ir administravimo bei jo tobulinimo reiðkiniai, iðryðkëjantys ðiuolaikinëmis globalizacijos, þiniomis grindþiamos visuomenës ir þiniø ekonomikos kûrimo ir plëtojimo, Europos integracijos bei Europos Sàjungos raidos ir plëtros sàlygomis. Daug dëmesio skiriama ðiuolaikinëje valstybëje susiklosèiusiai praktikai strateginio valdymo srityje, aptariami vieðojo administravimo studijø ir valstybës tarnautojø mokymo sistemø tobulinimo klausimai. Parodomos galimybës kryptingai plëtoti þiniomis grindþiamos visuomenës kûrimo procesus, kryptingai skleisti inovacijas vieðajame valdyme. Antroji straipsniø grupë tai straipsniai, skirti ðiuolaikinëms socialinës raidos ir socialinës saugos problemoms aptarti: ðiuose straipsniuose pateikiama daug medþiagos, skirtos pensijø sistemos tobulinimui, daug dëmesio skiriama socialinës paramos administravimo gerinimui, neágaliøjø problemoms spræsti, ypaè jø integracijai á darbo rinkà. Paþymima, kad esminë prielaida sëkmingai spræsti ðiuolaikines socialinës raidos ir socialinës rûpybos problemas yra kryptingas atitinkamø vieðojo valdmo priemoniø parengimas ir ágyvendinimas. Treèioji straipsniø grupë tai straipsniai, skirti vieðajai politikai ir valdymui ekonomikos augimo ir verslo aplinkos gerinimo srityje. Straipsniø medþiaga iliustruoja naujas galimybes aktyvinti ekonominá gyvenimà ir gerinti verslo aplinkà, taip pat panaudoti naujas ekonominiø bei finansø ir kitam verslui bûdingø reiðkiniø mokslinio tyrimo metodikas. Ðiame leidinyje skelbiamø straipsniø medþiaga gali bûti vertinama kaip naudinga ir reikalinga siekaint supaþindinti þurnalo skaitytojus su itin sudëtingais gyvenimo reiðkiniais ir vieðojo valdymo aktualijomis. Sëkmës Jums, gerbiamieji skaitytojai! 6
Dear readers! The current issue of Vieðasis administravimas (Public Administration Journal) is dedicated to the essential problems of our society and its social and economic life. It focuses on the most urgent social, economic, cultural, science and advanced technology related problems conditioned by the recent changes that happened and are still going on in our country and on the global scale, which includes important aspects of developments in society, economy and political life that are extremely dynamic, multifaceted and making sustainable impact. Articles in this publication are devoted to three main topics. The first group includes articles that explore the relevant problems of public administration theory and practice, discuss contemporary phenomena related to public administration, public management/ administration and their improvement that appear because of nowadays globalization, knowledge-based society and economy formation, European integration, and development of the European Union. Substantial attention is dedicated to the current state practice in the area of strategic management, and also issues of the improvement of public administration studies and civil servants training is discussed. The articles provide some possibilities regarding the purposeful formation of processes of the knowledge-based society, and spreading of innovations in the public administration. The second group comprises articles devoted to the nowadays problems of social development and social security, and the articles include a lot of material on the development of pension scheme, improvement of administration of social support, and also increased attention is devoted to the disabled people, especially their integration in the labour market. These articles emphasize that the essential precondition for the current problem solving in the social development and social care is strategically based preparation and implementation of respective public administration tools. The third group includes articles about the public politics and management in the area of economic growth and business environment improvement. The article introduces new opportunities to activate the economic life and improve business environment, and also make use of the new methodologies devoted to phenomena of economy, finance and other business related spheres. The articles of this publication may be valuable and necessary to the readers as it introduces to rather complex processes and current issues of public administration. We wish you all the success, dear readers! 7
PUBLIC GOVERNANCE EVOLUTION: PLACE AND ROLE OF THEORY VIEÐOJO VALDYMO RAIDA: TEORIJOS VIETA IR VAIDMUO Alvydas RAIPA, Prof Dr Mykolas Romeris University Alvydas RAIPA, prof. dr. Mykolo Romerio universitetas The role and validity or usefulness of any theory for new public governance methodology depends on its capacity to describe, to explain and to predict future logic of theory and public governance practice. The public governance theory is different from the natural and physical sciences, where theory means a rigorous testing of predictive theories or hypotheses using observable and comparable data and facts. The methodology of public governance consists of collection of concepts, ideas, paradigms and other problems of theory. Such collection represents the logic of research and the logic of practice of governance. This article examines the public governance theories, such as theories of organisation behaviour, public management and public policy implementation in a global environment. The understanding main features and elements of new public governance theory and role in development methodology, firstly means the evolution of the new public management into new (good) public governance in the start of the twenty-first century. The theory of the innovation role in public governance today is becoming increasingly important factor of the public sector modernization and the promotion of governance efficiency. Modern theoretical view requires public governance changes, reforms and new innovative management forms, methods, and procedural elements. Innovation management is highly complex process and implementation of innovative ideology and ideas, requires new level of knowledge and experience of public managers. The theory of changes and innovation are necessary for further detailed studies and development. Innovative changes requires various forms of administrational creativity, radical public governance reforms, personal abilities of public sector managers and leaders to use innovative forms of preparing and implementing strategic goals and tasks, to develop new kinds of inter sector integration and to install change management in public governances can be achieved by higher level of identification preconditions in spreading innovative ideology, innovative ideas and best practice. Today theorists formulating new public governance inter sector integration, net interaction, multidimensional link indexes, refer to certain factors and conditions, carry out exhaustive analysis of trend and tendencies of new public governance inter organizational interaction assessment in the context of global changes. The public private partnerships systems in the start of XXI century must include processes such as formation of inter sector integration structure, cost and risk sharing between partners and implementation of integration, determining deviations from the objectives of the principles of efficiency, transparency and accountability. One of important problems of the role of theory in modern public governance is theory of democratization of governance structures, organization activity, of public participating development in all level of public organization. Consideration of citizens only as consumers does not encourage fast democratization of public governance processes. Democratization of governance as citizen participation in decision making, implementing first of all is connected with political, democratic, social rights, with their active participation in creating public value mutually. Therefore, not only economic values play an important role in the public governance, but also political values like liberty, equality and social security as well as legal values like the rules and the law. Keywords: theory of public governance, new public management, new public governance, methodology, logic of research, theory of democratisation, public private partnership, changes and innovation Article reviewed 8
Vieðojo valdymo teorijos tinkamumas ir naudingumas priklauso nuo jos galimybiø apraðyti, eksplanuoti ir prognozuoti ateities vieðojo valdymo teorijos ir praktikos logikà. Vieðojo valdymo teorija skiriasi nuo gamtos mokslø, kur teorija formuoja konkreèias prielaidas ir hipotezes, naudojami aiðkesni kriterijai, skaièiai, lyginami faktai. Vieðojo valdymo teorijà sudaro konceptø, idëjø, paradigmø ir kitø teoriniø problemø rinkinys. Straipsnyje siekiama iðryðkinti vieðojo valdymo teorijas, tokias kaip organizacinës elgsenos, vieðosios vadybos ir vieðosios politikos ágyvendinimo globalios aplinkos erdvëje. Esminis naujojo vieðojo valdymo teorijos bruoþø ir elementø suvokimas pirmiausiai sietinas su naujosios vieðosios vadybos doktrinos evoliucija á naujàjá vieðàjá valdymà XXI a. pradþioje. Svarbiu faktoriumi modernizuojant ir siekiant vieðojo valdymo efektyvumo tampa inovacinës veiklos ir inovatyvumo teorinis pagrindimas. Modernus teorinis poþiûris reikalauja vieðojo valdymo pokyèiø ir naujø inovacinës vadybos formø, metodø ir procedûriniø elementø. Inovacinë vadyba yra kompleksiðkas procesas, todël, inovacinë ideologija ir inovatyviø idëjø ágyvendinimas ið vieðojo sektoriaus vadybininkø reikalauja aukðtesnio teorinio pasirengimo ir valdymo praktikos lygmens. Pokyèiø ir inovacijø teorija yra bûtina tolimesniam detaliam studijø vystymui. Inovaciniai pokyèiai reikalauja ávairiø administracinio kûrybingumo formø, radikaliø vieðojo valdymo reformø, institucijø personalo individualiø gebëjimø naudojant inovatyvias veiklos formas rengiant ir ágyvendinant strateginius tikslus ir uþdavinius, vystant naujas tarpsektorinës integracijos formas, instaliuojant pokyèiø valdymà. Visa tai gali bûti pasiekiama identifikuojant ir skleidþiant inovacinæ ideologijà, idëjas ir geriausià praktikà. Ðiandienos teoretikai, analizuodami tarpsektorinæ integracijà, tinklaveikos multidimensiná pobûdá, apraðo faktorius ir sàlygas, siekia nustatyti galimas tarpsektorinës integracijos reikðmes globaliø pokyèiø kontekste XXI a. pradþioje. Vieðosios privaèios partnerystës sistemos yra siejamos su tarpsektoriniø struktûrø kûrimu, veiklos kaðtø ir rizikos pasidalinimu tarp partnerystës dalyviø, determinuojant galimas klaidas ir problemas partnerystës efektyvumo, skaidrumo ir atsakomybës kontekste. Viena ið svarbiausiø vieðojo valdymo teorijos problemø ðiandien yra vieðojo sektoriaus struktûrø veiklos demokratizavimas, organizacijø aktyvumo, vieðojo dalyvavimo skatinimas visø rûðiø ir lygiø organizacijose. Suvokiant pilieèius ne vien tik kaip paslaugø gavëjus ir vartotojus neskatinami demokratizavimo procesai. Valdymo demokratizavimas, kaip pilieèiø dalyvavimas sprendimø rengimo ir ágyvendinimo procesuose, tampriai susijæs su demokratinëmis teisëmis, socialiniais poreikiais, aktyviu visuomenës struktûrø ir individø dalyvavimu kuriant vieðàjà vertæ. Juo labiau, kad vieðajame valdyme ne tik ekonominë vertë yra svarbus faktorius. Itin svarbiomis valdymo tobulinime yra politinës vertybës, tokios kaip pilieèiø laisvës, socialinës kokybinës visuomeninës bûties charakteristikos bei teisinës vertybës ástatymai, sprendimai, veiklos reglamentai ir standartai. Raktiniai þodþiai: vieðojo valdymo teorija, naujoji vieðoji vadyba, naujasis vieðasis valdymas, metodologija, tyrimo logika, demokratizavimo, vieðosios privaèios partnerystës, pokyèiø ir inovacijø teorija 9
MODERNI VALSTYBË: ÐIUOLAIKINIAI IÐÐÛKIAI STRATEGINIAM VALDYMUI THE MODERN STATE: CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES FOR THE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Edmundas SMILGA, prof. habil. dr. Antanas LAURINAVIÈIUS, dr. Algimantas LAURINAVIÈIUS, dr. Vilniaus universitetas Edmundas SMILGA, Prof Habil Dr Antanas LAURINAVIÈIUS, Dr Algimantas LAURINAVIÈIUS, Dr Vilnius University Strateginës valdymo pastangos ðaliai yra bûtinos siekiant ilgalaikiø strateginiø tikslø; desperacinës valdymo pastangos baigiasi kasdieniø problemø sprendimu ir gaisrø gesinimu. Nepaisant to, desperacinës valdymo pastangos labai populiarios tarp sprendimus priimanèiø asmenø, nes trumpuoju laikotarpiu jos labiau pastebimos ir ávertinamos. Be to, jø naudojimà lemia ir strateginis sprendimø priëmëjø neraðtingumas, kuris, be kita ko, augant ekonomikai lemia ir nemaþëjanèià socialinæ nelygybæ ðalyje. Siekiant naujos visuomenës raidos kokybës, desperacines valdymo pastangas bûtina keisti strateginëmis. Prie to prisidëtø sava strateginio valdymo sistema, kuri, bendradarbiaudama su uþsienio konsultantais, padëtø ðaliai ásijungti á tarptautinius sinerginius tinklus. Sustiprintas nacionalinis tapatumas ir aiðki ðalies ilgalaikës plëtotës koncepcija galëtø papildyti, o ilgainiui ir pakeisti ávairias vijimosi strategijas; galiausiai, rizikos kapitalas, o ne atskirø investicijø medþioklë turëtø uþtikrinti inovacijø finansavimà. Strategic management efforts are vital to a country which pursuits long term strategic goals; desperate management efforts generally end in solving daily problems and fire fighting. Despite that, desperate management efforts are very popular among men in power because their results are very remarkable in short term. Another reason of their popularity is strategic illiteracy of men in power, and a side effect of that illiteracy is not diminishing social inequality in a country that has a growing economy. Finally, if we want to have a new quality in social development, we must replace desperate management efforts with strategic ones. National strategic management system which, in cooperation with foreign consultants, helps country to join international synergy networks is a perfect example of a strategic management effort. Enhanced national identity and crystal clear country s long term development conception are the next ones; they could add to various pursuit strategies and finally to replace them. Last but not least, venture capital and not hunting of separate investments should ensure financing of innovations. Raktiniai þodþiai: valstybë, strategija, strateginis valdymas, desperacija Keywords: state, strategy, strategic management, desperation Straipsnis recenzuotas 10
MANAGERIAL QUALITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES IN PUBLIC SECTOR: IMPROVEMENT OF THE CIVIL SERVANTS TARINING SYSTEMS AND STUDIES ÞMOGIÐKØJØ IÐTEKLIØ VIEÐAJAME SEKTORIUJE VADYBINË KOKYBË: VALSTYBËS TARNAUTOJØ MOKYMO SISTEMØ IR STUDIJØ TOBULINIMAS Eugenijus CHLIVICKAS, Prof Dr Borisas MELNIKAS, Prof Habil Dr Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Eugenijus CHLIVICKAS, prof. dr. Borisas MELNIKAS, prof. habil. dr. Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas This theoretical publication presents an analysis of the development processes and modernization problems of public administration and management studies, as well as of civil servants training systems. The main attention is paid to the new development problems and modernization needs arising in today s situation of globalization, knowledge based society creation, as well as European integration and the enlargement of the European Union. Special attention is paid to the needs of humanistic oriented transformations of public administration and management studies and civil servants training systems, as well as to the new forms of life-long learning activities in the context of contemporary challenges and changes in all spheres of social, economic and political life, especially in the conditions of internationalization of social, economic and technological development. The publication provides an in-depth analysis of peculiarities and new needs of public administration and management studies, as well as of the contemporary development tendencies of civil servants training systems. Keywords: public governance, public management and administration, public management and administration studies, civil servants training, human resources, life-long learning, knowledge-based society, globalization, humanistic orientations and values Article reviewed Teorinio pobûdþio publikacijoje yra pateikiama medþiaga, skirta vieðojo administravimo studijø, taip pat valstybës tarnautojø mokymo sistemø tobulinimo ir modernizavimo procesø analizei. Pagrindinis dëmesys yra skiriamas naujoms raidos problemoms bei modernizavimo poreikiams, kuriuos sàlygoja ðiuolaikinë globalizacijos, þiniomis grindþiamos visuomenës ir þiniø ekonomikos kûrimo, taip pat Europos integracijos ir Europos Sàjungos plëtros situacija. Ypatingas dëmesys yra teikiamas poreikiams ágyvendinti humanistines orientacijas vieðojo administravimo ir vadybos studijose bei valstybës tarnautojø mokymo sistemose, taip pat naujoms mokymosi visa gyvenimà formoms atsiþvelgiant á ðiuolaikinius iððûkius ir pokyèius visose socialinio, ekonominio, politinio gyvenimo srityse, ypaè socialinës, ekonominës ir technologijø paþangos internacionalizavimo sàlygomis. Publikacijoje pateikiama iðsami analizë, skirta atskleisti raidos dësningumus ir naujus poreikius vieðojo administravimo ir vadybos studijø srityje, taip pat ðiuolaikines tendencijas, bûdingas valstybës tarnautojø mokymo sistemø plëtrai. Raktiniai þodþiai: vieðasis valdymas, vieðoji vadyba ir administravimas, vieðojo administravimo ir vadybos studijos, valstybës tarnautojø mokymas, þmogiðkieji iðtekliai, mokymasis visà gyvenimà, þiniomis grásta visuomenë, globalizacija, humanistinës orientacijos ir vertybës 11
ÐIUOLAIKINË GEROVËS VALSTYBË: SAMPRATA IR ÁVAIROVË THE MODERN WELFARE STATE: CONCEPT AND VARIETY Agnë LAUÞADYTË-TUTLIENË, doc. dr. Vilniaus universitetas Agne LAUZADYTE-TUTLIENE, Assoc Prof Vilnius University Ðiame straipsnyje atskleidþiama gerovës valstybës samprata bei veiksniai, darantys átakà gerovës valstybës kûrimui. Atskleidus gerovës valstybës sampratà, nagrinëjamos mokslininkø pateiktos gerovës valstybiø tipologijos, analizuojami esminiai jø elementai ir skirtumai. Nors visi aptarti gerovës valstybiø tipai yra idealûs ir grynuoju pavidalu realybëje neegzistuoja, kurti naujas tipologijas ir modelius svarbu ir ðiais laikais. Teoriniai gerovës valstybiø modeliai leidþia detaliau analizuoti tam tikrø valstybiø socialinës apsaugos sistemø struktûrà, iðskiria profesiniø ar individualiø sistemø vaidmená konkreèiose valstybëse ir atsakingas institucijas uþ tinkamas pajamas, gresiant socialinei rizikai. Daugiausiai procesø, vykstanèiø gerovës valstybëje, iki ðiø dienø paaiðkina G. Esping - Andersen sukurta tipologija ir jos pritaikomumo lygis iðlieka didþiausias. This paper presents the concept of the welfare state and the factors influencing the welfare state development. After disclosure of the concept, the welfare state typologies introduced by various researchers are examined, and their essential elements and differences are analyzed. Although the discussed welfare state types are ideal and don t exist in their pure form in reality, it is important creating new typologies and models nowadays. Theoretical welfare state models enable a more detailed analysis of the structure of national social security systems; distinguish the role of professional or individual systems in different countries, and institutions responsible for adequate income in case of social risk. Typology developed by Esping Andersen explains most of the processes taking place in the welfare state, thus its applicability remains the highest. Raktiniai þodþiai: gerovës valstybës samprata, gerovës valstybës modeliai, G. Esping - Andersen tipologija, socialinës atskirties maþinimas Keywords: concept of welfare state, welfare state models, G. Esping - Andersen typology, social exclusion Straipsnis recenzuotas 12
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SOCIETY AND KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY CREATION: DEVELOPMENT TENDENCIES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION ÞINIOMIS GRINDÞIAMOS VISUOMENËS IR ÞINIØ EKONOMIKOS KÛRIMAS: RAIDOS TENDENCIJOS EUROPOS SÀJUNGOJE GLOBALIZACIJOS KONTEKSTE Borisas MELNIKAS, Prof Habil Dr Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Borisas MELNIKAS, prof. habil. dr. Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas New challenges and social, economic, technological, as well as political and cultural development tendencies in the European Union in the context of the contemporary global transformations and knowledge based society and knowledge economy creation processes are defined as especially important direction of the scientific research and studies and are analyzed in this article. The complexity of global transformations and the knowledge based society creation processes, as well as the processes of the European integration is analyzed in the article. Main attention is focus on the idea that the creation of the knowledge based society and knowledge economy is perceived as one of the most important priorities of the modern society and its lifestyle development, as well as of social, economic, political development, science and technological progress, especially in the European Union. New aspects of the research on the knowledge based society and knowledge economy creation processes are described, including new aspects of public governance and its improvement. Keywords: knowledge-based society, knowledge economy, creation processes, regularities global transformation, European Union Article reviewed Ðiame teoriniame straipsnyje nagrinëjamieji nauji iððûkiai, taip pat ir socialinës, ekonominës, technologijø paþangos, kultûros bei politinës raidos tendencijos Europos Sàjungoje, pasireiðkianèios ðiuolaikiniø globaliø transformacijø ir þiniomis grindþiamos visuomenës bei þiniø ekonomikos kûrimo procesø kontekste, yra apibrëþiami kaip itin reikðminga moksliniø tyrimø ir studijø kryptis. Straipsnyje yra parodomas ir analizuojamas globaliø transformacijø ir þiniomis grindþiamos visuomenës bei þiniø ekonomikos kûrimo, taip pat ir Europos integracijos procesø kompleksiðkumas. Pagrindinis dëmesys yra skiriamas idejai, jog þiniomis grindþiamos visuomenës bei þiniø ekonomikos kûrimas yra vertintinas kaip vienas svarbiausiøjø modernios visuomenës bei jai bûdingo gyvenimo bûdo tobulinimo, taip pat ir socialinës, ekonominës, technologijø paþangos, kultûros bei politinës raidos prioritetø, ypaè - Europos Sàjungos sàlygomis. Iðryðkinami nauji aspektai, charakteringi þiniomis grindþiamos visuomenës bei þiniø ekonomikos kûrimo procesø tyrimams, tame tarpe nauji vieðojo valdymo bei jo tobulinimo poreikiø aspektai. Raktiniai þodþiai : þiniomis grindþiama visuomenë, þiniø ekonomika, kûrimo procesai, dësningumai, globalios transformacijos, Europos Sàjunga 13
PENSION SYSTEM IN LITHUANIA: DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES, PERSPECTIVES, NEW PRIORITIES PENSIJØ SISTEMA LIETUVOJE: RAIDOS PROCESAI, PERSPEKTYVOS, NAUJI PRIORITETAI Audrius BITINAS, Assoc Prof Dr Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Alessandro FIORI MACCIONI, Dr University of Sassari, Italy Audrius BITINAS, doc.dr. Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Alessandro FIORI MACCIONI, dr. Sassari universitetas, Italija The aim of this article is to describe the Lithuanian pension system, its reform process and its long-term financial sustainability. We define therefore the current reforms in the public pension system, influenced by the last economic crisis and social challenges. Also, we forecast the financial dynamics of the public pension system, in the light of raising social expenses (due to second pillar pension reforms) and of demographic trends (like ageing society and low fertility). Results reveal the long-term sustainability of the system, albeit at a cost of initial negative balances to be covered with public budget. Policy solutions could improve sustainability by encouraging and extending emp-loyment (especially for the disadvantaged) and by building trust in both public and private pension systems. Keywords: pension, Lithuanian pension system, state budget, population Article reviewed Ðio straipsnio tikslas yra iðanalizuoti Lietuvos pensijø sistemà, reformø procesà ir pensijø sistemos ilgalaikio finansinio tvarumo perspektyvas. Paskutinë ekonominë krizë ir gilëjanèios socialinës problemos sudarë prielaidas aktyviai vykdyti pensijø sistemos valdymo procesus. Autoriai atliko pensijø sistemos finansinës dinamikos analizæ, kuri susijusi su pensijø sistemos finansavimo poreikiais ir demografinëmis prognozëmis. Nors rezultatai rodo ilgalaiká sistemos tvarumà, taèiau tai pasiekiama dalá socialinio draudimo iðlaidø finansuojant ið valstybës biudþeto trumpuoju laikotarpiu. Tinkami politiniai sprendimai galëtø pagerinti pensijø sistemos tvarumà, skatinant ir pleèiant uþimtumà bei pasitikëjimà socialiniu draudimu. Ðiame straipsnyje atlikta kiekybinë analizë atskleidþia sistemos ilgalaikes tendencijas, siekiant finansinës pusiausvyros. Lietuvos pensijø sistemos problemos yra gyventojø senëjimas, þemas uþimtumo lygis, þemas pensijø dydis, vyresnio amþiaus þmoniø skurdas, nëra aiðkiø pirmosios pakopos pensijø indeksavimo taisykliø, taip pat didelæ átakà sistemos stabilumui turi didelë emigracija ir didëjanèios pensijø finansavimo iðlaidos. Autoriø nuomone, pensijø sistema turi tiesiogiai reaguoti á visuomenës struktûros pokyèius ir turi bûti labai glaudþiai susijusi su darbo santykiø pokyèiais. Raktiniai þodþiai: pensija, Lietuvos pensijø sistema, valstybës biudþetas, populiacija 14
POKYÈIAI SOCIALINËS PARAMOS SISTEMOJE: ADMINISTRAVIMO TOBULINIMAS CHANGES IN THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL ASSISTANCE: IMPROVEMENT OF ADMINSITRATION Audrius BITINAS, doc. dr. Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Dalius BITAITIS Mykolo Romerio universitetas Audrius BITINAS, Assoc Prof Dr, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Dalius BITAITIS, Mykolas Romeris University Straipsnyje apþvelgiama socialinës paramos sistema Lietuvoje, piniginës socialinës paramos teikimo ypatumai, formos, analizuojama 2012 m. piniginës socialinës paramos administravimo pertvarka, jos prielaidos ir problemos, analizuojami piniginës socialinës paramos efektyvumo vertinimo kriterijai. Apibendrinant teorines iðvadas, remiamasi Lietuvos Respublikos norminiø teisës aktø analize, teorine medþiaga, sociologinës apklausos rezultatais. Ðiame straipsnyje taip pat analizuojama, kaip veikia piniginës socialinës paramos sistema, analizuojami piniginës socialinës paramos pertvarkos motyvai ir teisinë bei ekonominë argumentacija, atliktas tyrimas, kaip vietos savivaldos darbuotojai vertina pokyèius pertvarkant piniginës paramos administ-ravimà bandomosiose savivaldybëse, su kokiomis problemomis susiduria socialinës paramos teikëjai po pertvarkos. Raktiniai þodþiai: piniginë socialinë parama, administravimas, savivaldybës, pertvarka Straipsnis recenzuotas The article overviews the features and framework of monetary social care system in Lithuania. The monetary social care administrative reforms that took part in 2012 are thoroughly analysed, taking into account the problems that led to changes and efficiency criteria set-up to evaluate the aftermath of the reform. The theoretical conclusions are based on the Republic of Lithuania legal acts, theoretical material and a sociological survey. The article also examines how the monetary system works, what are the motives for monetary social system change from a legal and economic perspective. A study was carried on in order to find out how the local authority employees evaluated changes in the monetary social care administrative system and what challenges they had to face after the reform. Social workers were questioned from municipalities that decided to take part in the pilot program. However, the article authors believe that social care system effectiveness has to be further increased, not only increasing the number of decision making municipalities, but also pushing the quality of the reform upwards. Moreover, the administration of social care benefits have to cover up society s needs and priorities. Ineffectively administration of social services may result in unfavourable results and future recessions can lead to increased costs for social services. Social care administrative effectiveness cannot be evaluated only from the financial side, social goals have to be considered decreasing poverty, tackling social exclusion, lowering the effects of poverty traps for most vulnerable groups of people and helping families with children. Keywords: social assistance in-cash, administration, municipalities, reform 15
NEÁGALIØJØ INTEGRACIJA Á DARBO RINKÀ: ÐIUOLAIKINIAI IÐÐÛKIAI INTEGRATION OF DISABLED PEOPLE INTO THE LABOR MARKET: CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES Gabija GRUÞINSKIENË Vilniaus universitetas Gabija GRUZINSKIENE Vilnius University Straipsnis skirtas sudëtingam ir ðiuolaikinei visuomenei aktualiam reiðkiniui neágaliøjø integracijai á darbo rinkà. Atskleista ðio reiðkinio svarba, iðryðkintos pagrindinës neágaliøjø integracijai á darbo rinkà bûdingos problemos, ávardinti ðiuolaikiniai iððûkiai. Pagrindinis dëmesys skiriamas neágaliøjø integracijos á darbo rinkà problemø sprendimui Lietuvoje. Nurodoma, jog Lietuvoje svarbu vykdyti tokià uþimtumo politikà, kad bûtø pasiektas maksimalus aktyvios átraukties laipsnis, sumaþintas skurdas bei pakeltas pilieèiø gyvenimo lygis, nes aktyviø rinkos dalyviø skaièiaus didinimas kelias á ekonomikos augimà. Ðiam tikslui pasiekti svarbi ir neágaliøjø integracija á darbo rinkà, darbingo amþiaus, taèiau neturintys darbo neágalieji tai potenciali darbo jëga, kurios panaudojimas, deja, vis dar sudëtingas uþdavinys. Iðanalizavus 2008 2013 m. laikotarpio neágaliøjø integracijos á darbo rinkà situacijà Lietuvoje, ávardintos Lietuvos ekonominës politikos priemoniø, skirtø didinti neágaliø uþimtumo lygá, tobulinimo galimybës. Tyrime remtasi mokslinës literatûros bei statistiniø duomenø analize, koreliacine analize, sisteminimo ir apibendrinimo metodais. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidë valstybës vykdomø priemoniø, skirtø neágaliøjø integracijai á darbo rinkà, tobulinimo galimybes ir svarbà. Raktiniai þodþiai: neágalieji, integracija á darbo rinkà, Lietuvos ekonominës politikos priemonës, neágaliøjø uþimtumas This article intends to address complex and topical phenomenon of modern society the integration of disabled people into labor market. In article the importance of this phenomenon was revealed, main obstacles for integration of disabled people into labor market were highlighted, contemporary challenges were identified. Article states that in Lithuania, it is very important to implement such employment policies that will ensure the maximum degree of active inclusion, reduce poverty and raise living standards for its citizens, because increased number of active participants in the market is the only path to growth of country s economics. For the achievement of this goal, the integration of disabled people into labor market is very important. Unemployed people of working age with disabilities are the potential working force, but the use of which is still a complicated task. Research objective: to analyze the situation of integration of people with disabilities into labor market of Lithuania and to define opportunities for improvement Lithuania s economic policy measures designed to raise the employment rate of people with disabilities. In order to achieve the objectives set, statistical data and governments implemented measures (including efficiency of support for social enterprises and occupational rehabilitation programs) of the period of 2008-2013 were analyzed. The study was based on the scientific literature and statistical data analysis, correlation analysis, systematization and generalization techniques. The results revealed the state of the policy measures taken by the government of Lithuania for the integration of disabled people into the labor market and recommendations for the improvement of the integration of people with disabilities were given. Straipsnis recenzuotas Keywords: people with disabilities, integration into the labor market, the Lithuanian economic policy measures, employment of people with disabilities 16
PRIEÞIÛROS INSTITUCIJOS: ADMINISTRACINË NAÐTA VERSLUI SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES: ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN ON BUSINESS Vida DAVIDAVIÈIENË, prof. dr. Elena VENGRIENË Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Vida DAVIDAVICIENE, Prof Dr, Elena VENGRIENE Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Ûkio subjektus kontroliuojanèiø institucijø veiklos optimizavimas yra viena ið prioritetiniø ES veiklos srièiø. Nemaþai tyrimø atlikta verslo administracinës naðtos maþinimo ir kontroliuojanèiø institucijø veiklos efektyvinimo srityse, taèiau stinga sisteminio poþiûrio bei kompleksinio vertinimo analizuojant verslo administracinës naðtos maþinimo svarbà prieþiûros institucijose optimizuojant teisinæ bazæ ir kontroliuojanèiø institucijø veiklà. Straipsnyje, siekiant tikslo, analizuojama Lietuvos ir ES verslo subjektus kontroliuojanèiø institucijø veikla bei sistemos pertvarkos etapai siekiant identifikuoti kylanèius bei potencialius iððûkius optimizuojant ûkio subjektus kontroliuojanèiø institucijø veiklà. Straipsnyje pateikiama Europos Komisijos veiksmø, siekiant geresnio reglamentavimo, analizë ir aptariami Lietuvos institucijø veiksmai, atliekami valstybës lygmeniu. Raktiniai þodþiai: prieþiûros institucijos, administracinë naðta, verslas, verslo subjektai Straipsnis recenzuotas Optimising the performance of supervisory authorities of concerned entities have been identified as one of the EU priority action areas. A lot of research have been made concerning reducing administrative burden on businesses and efficient enforcement of supervisory authorities. However, systematic approach and complex valuation while analysing the importance of reducing administrative burden of supervisory authorities legislation and activity of controlling bodies is still lacking. In order to accomplish the objective, this article analyses institutions activities while supervising Lithuanian and EU business operators and the overhaul stages of the system with regard to identify potential and arising challenges optimising the performance of concerned entities supervisory authorities. The article present the analysis of the actions undertaken by European Commission in order to achieve better legislation and discusses the actions made by Lithuanian institutions at state level. Keywords: supervisory authorities, administrative burden, business, business subjects 17
LIETUVOS AGRARINIO SEKTORIAUS RAIDOS TENDENCIJOS IR KONKURENCINGUMAS EKONOMIKOS INTERNACIONALIZAVIMO SÀLYGOMIS DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND COMPETITIVENESS OF LITHUANIAN AGRARIAN SECTOR IN CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC INTERNATIONALIZATION Rûta BANELIENË, dr. Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Ruta BANELIENE, Dr Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Lietuvoje, kaip ir iki nepriklausomybës, iðlieka stiprus agrarinis sektorius, bet jo vystymas susiduria su konkurencingumo didinimo pasauliniu mastu bûtinybe, kas reikalauja ið agrarinio sektoriaus ámoniø nuolatiniø pastangø modifikuoti gamybà, atrasti naujas rinkas ir gaminti konkurencingà þemës ûkio produkcijà, turinèià paklausà pasaulinëje rinkoje. Taip pat vis didesná poveiká Lietuvos agrarinei politikai daro darbo jëgos kaimo vietovëse panaudojimas ir uþimtumo uþtikrinimas vis maþëjanèios sukûriamos þemës ûkyje pridëtinës vertës dalies kontekste. Be objektyviø veiksniø vis didesná poveiká agrarinës politikos formavimui turi kai kuriø valstybiø ekonominiø svertø naudojimas prieð konkurencingø Lietuvos, ES ir kitø ðaliø þemës ûkio produktø importà politiniais tikslais, kas pakankamai jautru yra tiems þemës ûkio produktams, kuriø realizavimo ir suvartojimo laikotarpis yra santykinai trumpas. Straipsnyje iðnagrinëjus lietuviðkos kilmës þemës ûkio produktø eksporto struktûrà nustatoma, kad minëtø produktø eksporte tradiciðkai vyrauja pienas ir jo produktai, javai, mësa ir jos gaminiai. Pagal ðalis eksporto partneres didþioji dalis lietuviðkos kilmës þemës ûkio produktø eksporto tenka ES erdvei, ið treèiøjø ðaliø intensyviausias bendradarbiavimas minëtø produktø eksporto srityje vyksta su Rusija (pienas ir mësa bei jø produktai), taip pat Iranu ir Saudo Arabija (javai). Nustaèius lietuviðkos kilmës þemës ûkio produktø eksporto struktûrà ieðkoma Lietuvos þemës ûkio produkcijos eksporto plëtros galimybiø bei diversifikavimo krypèiø. Remiantis atlikta analize ir identifikuotais iððûkiais agrarinei politikai straipsnyje prieinama iðvados, kad Lietuvos þemës ûkio produkcijos gamintojai nepakankamai iðnaudoja potencialias ir tuo paèiu perspektyvias þemës ûkio produkcijos eksporto kryptis JAV, Kinijos ir Japonijos, kur, atsiþvelgiant á minëtø ðaliø þemës ûkio produkcijos importo ið ES struktûrà, galima bûtø eksportuoti ar plësti eksportà Lietuvos pieno produktø, mësos, grûdø ruoðiniø, taip pat ir alkoholiniø gërimø. Taip pat turëtø bûti ávertinta lietuviðkos kilmës þemës ûkio produktø eksporto struktûra á Rusijà, kuri ðiuo metu pagal joje vyraujanèiø eksportuojamø produktø pienas ir mësa bei jø produktai santykinai trumpà realizacijos ir suvartojimo laikotarpá yra jautri politinës rizikos keliamam eksporto galimybiø á Rusijà ribojimui; galimai perorientuojant ir randant ðiems produktams realizavimo niðas Kinijos ir Japonijos rinkose. Raktiniai þodþiai: agrarinis sektorius, eksportas, konkurencingumas, ekonomikos internacionalizavimas Straipsnis recenzuotas 18
Lithuania s agrarian sector has remained as strong as before the independence, however its development is facing the necessity to enhance its global competitiveness, which calls for continuous efforts by agricultural entities to upgrade production, find new markets, and produce competitive agricultural products, which would be in demand across the globe. Furthermore, the Lithuanian agrarian policy is increasingly affected by the use of labour force and employment issues in rural areas in the context of the declining share of added value in the agriculture sector. In addition to the objective factors, the agri-policymaking is getting ever more affected by economic levers against imports of competitive agricultural products from Lithuania, the EU and other countries, used by some countries for political purposes. This is a considerably sensitive issue, as the products in question have relatively short sales and consumption period. The established export structure of the agricultural products of the Lithuanian origin shows the traditional domination of milk and dairy products, cereals, meat and meat products. By country-export partner, most of the exported agricultural products of the Lithuanian origin go to the EU area. As regards the third countries (non EU countries), export rates of the mentioned products have been the highest to Russia (milk and meat and their products), as well as Iran and Saudi Arabia (cereals). The identification of the structure of agricultural products of the Lithuanian origin enables the search of exports enhancement opportunities and market diversification trends. Based on the analysis and identified challenges for the agrarian policy, this article comes to the conclusion that Lithuanian s agricultural entities have not made adequate efforts towards such potential and therefore prospective export destinations, as the U.S., China and Japan, which, considering the structure of imports from the EU, should be ready to welcome Lithuanian dairy products, meat, cereal preparations, as well as alcoholic beverages. The export structure of Lithuanian origin agricultural products to Russia should also be subject to re-evaluation. The relatively short period of sales and consumption of prevailing export products milk and meat and their products now make the export structure sensitive to the politically motivated restriction on export opportunities in Russia. These products may possibly be re-directed, finding new markets and niches for them in China and Japan. Keywords: agrarian sector, export, competitiveness, economic internationalization 19
FINANCIAL CONVERGENCE PROCESSES: PROBLEMS OF THE RESEARCH AND THE CASE OF INSURANCE MARKET IN RUSSIA FINANSINËS KONVERGENCIJOS PROCESAI: TYRIMØ PROBLEMOS IR RUSIJOS DRAUDIMO RINKØ ATVEJIS Natalia KUZNETSOVA Zhanna PISARENKO St. Petersburg State University, Russia Natalia KUZNETSOVA Zhanna PISARENKO Sankt Peterburgo valstybinis universitetas, Rusija The article gives a brief overview of the contemporary financial convergence theory, as well as its interpretation for the Russian domestic insurance business organizations. Research methodology is based upon estimating the panel of Russian insurance companies for existence of convergence or divergence.by analyzing the balance sheet data and of the insurer financial results the authors argue the sigma - convergence availability of regional and federal insurance companies. The main summing up conclusion of the article is about the uneven levels of insurance market development at a certain time horizon in the center and the periphery of Russia.The study reveals the need to perceive more uniform development of the insurance market, the necessity for a single effective insurance space formation in Russia. Straipsnyje bendrais bruoþais iðdëstoma ðiuolaikinë finansø konvergencijos teorijos samprata, pateikiama ðios teorijos interpretacija jà pritaikant Rusijos draudimo versle veikianèiø organizacijø veiklos tyrimo atvejui. Tyrimø metodologija numato ðryðkinti konvergencijos ar divergencijos procesus. Straipsnyje siûlomos metodologijos panaudojimas leidþia giliau paþinti sudëtingus finansø bei draudimo verslo plëtros procesus, pasireiðkianèius stambiose rinkose. Raktiniai þodþiai: konvergencija, finansø verslas, draudimas, Rusijos draudimo rinkas Keywords: convergence, financial business, insurance, Russian insurance market Article reviewed 20